Die-casting machine



Nov. 16, 1943.

A. E. ABBOTT ETAL DIE CASTING MACHINE Filed Jan. 21, 1941 6 Sheets-Sheet l Fis.

INVENTOR.

Nov. 16,1943. A. E. ABBOTT ET\AL DIE CASTING MACHINE Filed Jan. 21, 1.941 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 an m 3 mm aw Q Nov.

, 1943. A. E. ABBOTT ET AL DIE CASTING MACHINE e She ets-Sheet 3 Filed Jan. 21, 1941 INVENTORST,

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. m h k Nov. 16, 1943. A. E. ABBOTT ETAL pm CASTING MAGHiNE Filed Ja 21, 1941 A. E. ABBOTT ETAL DIE CASTING MACHINE Nov. 16, 1943.

6 Sheets-Sheet s Filed Jan. 21, 1941 R mam mm 2w mm bofi m cm WV V VW m8 wh mm mm m@ m2 mm m2 8 mm 3 HQ bmw mm 13 3 we mi a hma W w XE S w w mv Nv i M .wmw m: 83 on W I Ill! 7/////! Patented Nov. 16, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFF-ICE DIE-CASTING MACHINE Albert E. Abbott, Cleveland, and John J. Rose,

- Lakewood, Ohio Application January 21, 1941, Serial N 375,148

4 Claims. (Cl. 22-68) This invention relates generally to die casting machines of the horizontally moving die type.

The principal object of the invention is to provide in a machine of this character improved means for accurately controlling the movement of the movable die carrier.

Another object of the invention is the provision of toggle mechanism for reciprocating the movable die carrier, in combination with means for preventing the togglesvbeing moved past a certain predetermined position when they are operating the movable die carrier to close the dies.

Another object of the,invention is to provide means which are readily adjustable so as to adapt the machine for use withvarious types and sizes of dies. Another object of the invention is to provide mechanismof this type which will eliminate' breakage of the toggle mechanism which is inherent in machines of this type nowgenerally in use.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a machine of this character which is simple in construction and eflicient in operation and one which can be readily adapted for use with various diiferent types and sizes of dies.

Other and more limited objects of the invention will be apparent from the following specification and accompanying drawings forming a part thereoi wherein Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a. die casting machine embodying my invention, the dies being shown in their closed position; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the device, the parts being in the same position as shown in Fig. I; Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the various parts in the position they assume when the dies are opened; Fig. 4 is an enlarged section on the line 44 of Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 is an enlarged section taken on the line 4 -4 of Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and 4 taken together showing a complete central longitudinal section through the machine; Fig. 5 is a transverse section taken on the line 55 of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a transverse section taken substantially on the line 6-6 of Fig.1; Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of the hydraulic control mechanism for operating the machine and Fig. 8 is a sectional view through the control valves showing .them in the opposite positionfrom that shown in Fig. '7.

Referring to the drawings by reference char-.

acters, l indicates a base extending beneath the whole machine. secured to the base i is a stationary die'support 9 which hasva plurality of rods 3, four in number, rigidly secured thereto and extending rearwardly therefrom. -The rear ends of the rods 3 are threaded as indicated at 4- and extend through a supporting plate 5 which is slidably mounted upon the base I, as indicated at 6. The plate 5 may be adjusted to any desired position and rigidly secured in this position by nutsli on the threaded ends 4 of the rods 3.

slidably mounted on the rods 3 between the stationary die support 2 and the supporting plate 5 is a movable die carrier 1 which is adapted to be reciprocated through toggle mechanism generally indicated by the numeral 8 which is connected at one end to the supporting plate 5 and at the other end to the die carrier 1.

A furnace 9 lined with suitable refractory material Ill is secured to the base I adjacent the forward face of the stationary die support 2. A melting pot II is suitably secured within the furnace 9 and heat is supplied thereto by a conventional burner and blower, generally in-, dicated by the numeral l2.

Complementary dies l3 and I 4 are carried by the adjacent faces of the stationary die support 2 and the movable die carrier 1 and are secured thereto by suitable clamps. I5. A pair of rods,

l6 extend rearwardly from the stationary die support 2 above the furnace 9, one rod being 22 and-at their open ends by' apertured conadjacent each side of the support 2. Theforward ends of these rods it are secured at I! to brackets l8 on the rear face ofthe support 2 and the other ends of the rods iii are slidably mounted in the supports l9 extending upwardly from and secured to the upper fa'ce of the furncae 9. A pair of U-shaped members 20 and 2|, secured together at their closed end by across meniber necting links 23, are adjustably mounted upon the rod l6 and are maintained in any desired position by nuts 24 threaded on the rods l6.

Secured to and extending upwardly from the cross member 22 is a hydraulic cylinder 25 having a piston 26 reciprocably mounted therein.

Extending from and rigidly Secured to and extending downwardly into the melting pot ll between the links '23 is a cylinder 21 having a suitable liner 28. A plunger 29 is.

mounted for reciprocation within the liner 28 and is operatively connected to the piston 26 through connecting rods 30 and 3! which are detach'abiy secured together by suitable connecting means 32. A gooseneck" 33 is formed integral with one side of the cy1inder2'l and has therein a bore 34 connecting the open lower end of the liner 28 with an orifice 35 in a nozzle 36 1 which is suitably-secured in the stationary die brought together, as is shown in the Various figures', the piston 25 is moved downwardly within the cylinder 25 by mechanism to behereinafter described. This will move the plunger 29 downwardly within the cylindrical liner 28 and will force the molten metal through the orifice 35 into the die chamber under the desired pressure. After the plunger 29 has been returned to the position shown in Fig. 4, more molten metal will fiow into the opening 31 in readiness for the next casting to be formed.

Secured to and projecting rearwardly from the adjustable supporting plate is a hydraulic cyl-. inder 40 in which is reciprocably mounted a piston M. Extending outwardly from the piston M is a connecting rod 42 which is connected at its forward end to a cross-shaped member 53 which is reciprocably mounted on a pair of rods 45 which have their forward ends rigidly secured to the movable die carrier 7 and have their other ends slidably mounted in bores 45 in the adjustable supporting member 5, and which pass through bores 46 in the vertical arms of the cross-shaped member 43. v

The adjustable support 5 has a pair of ears ll projecting forwardly from one side thereof and a pair of similar ears '48 projecting forwardly from the other side thereof, and the movable diecarrier 7 has ears 39 secured thereto and projecting rearwardly from one side thereof and similar ears 58 secured thereto and projecting rearwardly from the other side thereof. Links 5% are pivotally connected by a pin 52 at one end to the ears 69 and links.53 are pivotally connected by a pin 56 to the ears 5!]. The other ends of the links 55 are connected by a pin 5 to a link 55 which in turn is connected by a pin 55 to the ears 5'5; and the aseaera the movable die carrier 7 rearwardly and will separate the dies 13 and 14. Conventional knockout mechanism is provided for knocking the casting out of the die It and comprises a plate 10 supported on the forward end of rods H which have their other ends secured, asindicated at 12, to the adjustable support 5. The plate I9 is so positioned and supported that pins 13 will be brought into contact with the plate 10 on the rearward movement of. the movable die carrier 7 which will force these pins 13 forwardly and they in turn will operate suitable knockout pins 14 carried by the die which will force the casting out of the die.

Means are provided for preventing the crossshaped member 43 from being moved forwardly beyond a certain definite position by the piston 4|. It will be apparent from Fig. 2 that if the cross-shaped member 43 is moved beyond the position shown in Fig. 2, the toggle links would start to break in the opposite direction which would cause the movable die carrier I to start moving rearwardly again after it had reached the limit of its forward movement and thereby tend to open the dies l3 and 15 a slight amount. This mechanism comprises a rod'l-5 which is adjustably secured to a threaded reduced extension 15 on the connecting rod 42 and is locked in the desired position by a lock nut TI. The rod 15 is adjusted so that its forward end will come in contact with the rear face of the movable die carrier i when the cross-shaped member 43 has been moved forwardly to the desired position. It will be seen by reference to Fig. 4 that the piston M, connecting rod fil cross-shaped member 43 and the rod 15 will all move as a unit when the piston til is reciprocated within the cylinder40. It will also be seen by reference to Fig. 4 that the rod 15 is connected to the aforesaid mechanism in such a manner that it can be readily adjusted'so as to come into Contact with the rear face of the movlinks 53 are connected by a pin 51 to a link 58 which in turn is connected by a pin 59 to the ears G8. The link is pivotally connected by a pin 59 to a pair of links 60 which in turn are connected by a pin H to one of the horizontal arms 52 of the cross-shaped member 33; and the link 58 is pivotally connected by a pin 63 to a pair of links 66 which are in turn connected by a pin to the other horizontal arm 56 of the cross-shaped member 53. I

From the above construction, it will be apparent that as the piston M is forced forwardly within the cylinder 40, the cross-shaped member 33 which is rigidly secured thereto will likewise be moved forwardly. As the cross-shaped member 63 is moved forwardly, it will straighten out the toggles, which are composed on one side of the links 5| and 55 and on the other side of the links 53 and 58, from the position shown-in Fig. 3 to the position shown in Fig. 2. This straightening of the toggles will in turn move the movable die carrier l forwardly and will close the dies 53 and M and when the piston 55. is moved rearwardly from the position shown in Fig. 2 to the position shown in Fig. 3, it will move the toggle mechanism from the position shown inFig. 2 to the position shown in Fig. 3 which, in turn, will move able die carrier 7 at any desired time and that, upon coming in contact with the die carrier 1, it will prevent any further movement of the piston ill and the toggle mechanism which is connected thereto and operated by the cross-shaped member 33. This will accommodate the machine to various different types and sizes of dies and enable the'machine to be so adjusted that the movable die support 7, and the die carried thereby can only be moved a certain definite predetermined distance and will prevent any undue strain being placed upon either the dies or the operating a mechanism for the movable die carrier.

It will also be apparent that in order to accommodate the mechanism for either larger or smaller dies than are shown in the accompanying drawings, it is only necessary to adjust the position of the movable supporting member 5 upon the rods 3, as all of the operating mechanism for the movable die carrier Tis directly connected to and movable with the adjustable support 5. By adjusting it in one direction from the position shown in the drawings, the machine will be adapted for smaller dies than those shown and by moving it in the opposite direction, the machine may be adapted for larger dies than those shown.

The mechanism for operating the pistons 26 and M will now be described. This mechanism comprises a pump of conventional standard design which is operated by an electric motor 8| not be moved downwardly in the cylinder 2% when the piston M is in its rearmost position. In other words, the operating mechanism is so arranged that it will be impossible to force a charge of molten metal from the cylinder 27 when the dies l3 and it are in open position. The mechanism is also so arranged that it will be impossible to move the piston dl rearwardly from the position shown in Fig. 2 until the piston 28 is in its uppermost position or, in other words, it will be impossible to open the dies l3 and Hi until after the piston 26, and consequently the plunger 28, have been moved from the lowermost position back to the position shown in Fig. 4% This mechanism includes an operating valve 82 for the piston 50 and an operating valve 8 3 for the piston 28, these valves in turn being operated by manually operating valves 8% and 85, the valve 8 controlling the operation of the valve mechanism 82 and the valve-85 controlling the operation of the valve mechanism 83. V

By reference to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the operating valve 86 has a segment 88 connected thereto and movable therewith which cooperates with a segment 87 carried by and movable with the valve 85 and that these segments are so arranged with relation to each other that the valve 85 cannot be operated until the valve 86 has been operated to move the segment 88 out of engagement with the segment 81 rigidly secured to and movable with the valve 85. Fig. 7 shows diagrammatically the valves 82, 83, 8t and 85, together with their connections to the cylinders 85 and till and the pump 80 which will supply oil under pressure from a tank 88 which is secured to and forms a part of the base I.

The .valve generally indicated by the numeral 88 comprises a casing 89 in which is slidably mounted a valve member 90 having a series of passageways therein which will cooperate with ports in the casing 89; and the valve generally in-' dicated by the numeral 83 comprises .a casing Si inwhich is slidably mounted a valve member 92 having a series of passageways therethrough which will cooperate with ports in the casing 98. The pump 80 is of conventional standard design and is of thejtype which is continually operated having a by-pass through which oil is returned to the reservoir after a certain predetermined pres- .sure has been reached in the system. This will enable the oil throughout the, system to always be maintained under a certain predetermined pressure which will cause the various parts operated thereby to move quickly upon operation of any of the control valves. I

The operation of the device will now be explained, having reference to Fig. '7 which, as has been stated, shows diagrammatically the various control valves and pipin'gfor operating the pis tons 26 and i. Fig. 7 shows thevarious control and operating valves and the pistons 26 and M in the position they assume at the completion of the operating stroke of the piston 26 which forces the molten metal under pressure from the pot I i into the die-space formed, between the dies l3 and. I l; and before they have been .retumed to their initial positions. That is, thedies are still closed and the plunger 29 isin its lowermost position, having forced themolten metal out of the cylindrical member 21 and not yet having been returned to its initial positionwhich will allow a new charge of molten metal to flow into the g cylindrical liner. or sleeve 28.

Fig. 8..shows the} position 'of the manually operating valves 84 and 85 when the are in the conduit 98, thence through the passageway 9? and through conduit 98 into the valve casing 89, forcing the valve member 90 to the position shown in Fig. '7. Oil will then be forced from the conduit 85 through the passageway 99 in the valve member 80 and out through the conduit I88 and into the rear of the cylinder it behind the piston at which will force the piston M from the dotted line position in Fig. 7 to the full line position therein. As the piston M is moving forwardly, the oil in front of the piston M will be forced out of the cylinder 30 through the conduit mi, through the passageway 402 in the valve member 88 and back to the reservoir 88 through the conduit mt. As the valve member 80 is being moved to the position shown in Fig. by the admission of oil to the valve casing 89 through the conduit 98, the oil on the other side of the valve member 90 will be forced 'outwardly through the conduit EM, passageway H15 in the control valve 86 and back to the supply tank 88 through the conduits I88 and till. This forward movement of the piston at will operate the toggle mechanism to move the movable die carrier I for wardly and close the dies l3 and i l.

'The forward movement of the piston M and consequently the cross-shaped member 83 will operate a safety valve generally indicated by the numeral me which is secured to and supported by the plate It. Thisvalve is ,operated in one direction, that'is, to the open position as is shownin'Fig. '7, by a rod )9 which comes in contact with the rod H0 carried by the valve member lll mounted within the casing 2 of the valve I08. The valve member III is moved.

in the opposite direction by a spring 8 when therod I09 is moved out of engagement with the rod VI in when the piston H is operated to open the dies l3 and M.

After the valve 84 has been operated from the position shown in Fig. 8 to the position shown in Fig. 7', the valve 85 can then be operated, being moved from the position shown in Fig. 8 to the position shown in Fig. 7. As stated before, this valve 85 controls the operation of the control valve-but even though it may be operated before the dies are completely closed, it

- will have no effect upon the operation of the piston 261until the valve member III of the valve I08 has been moved to the position shown in Fig. 7. After the valve 85 has been turned to the position shown in Flg.-7 and the dies l3 and id have been closed, whlch'will in turn move the variouspartsbf the valve I08 to the position shown in Fig. "7, oil will be forced by the pump from the conduit 85 through conduit'llb,

' passageway H8 in the valve"85 and thence through conduit I", passageway 1H8 in the valve member ill and thence through conduit "9 into the valve casing 9i which'will move the valve "member 92 to the position-shown in Fig. "I. As

this valve member 92 is moving to thls position, the oil ahead of the valve member--88 will be forced out through the conduit I28 and through the passageway I21 inthe chamber and thence back to the reservoir "through conduits 422 and I01. After the valve 92 has-been moved to the position shown, oil which is maintainedinn pressure tank I23 under a certain definite Predetermined pressure will be forced rapidly out of the pressure tank I23, through conduits I24, I25 and passageway I26, thence through conduit I21 into the upper end of the cylinder 25 which will force the piston 26 rapidly downwardly to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 7 to that shown in full lines. This will force the molten metal out of the cylindrical sleeve or liner 28 and into the mold cavity very rapidly and under a definite predetermined pressure and will allow that pressure to be maintained upon the metal for the desired time. As the piston 26 is moved downwardly, it will force the oil ahead of it out of the cylinder 25 and through the conduit I28 and passageway I29 in the valve member 92 and thence back to the reservoir through the conduit I01. The pressure upon the oil within the tank I23 is maintained by a compressible gas, preferably nitrogen, which is placed therein under a definite pressure, as is standard practice in devices of this character.

In order to return the parts back to the initial position and eject the casting from the mold, the valve 85 is turned from the position shown in Fig. 7 to the position shown in Fig. 8. Oil will then be forced by the pump 90 through the conduits 95, H5, passageway HI and the valve 85 and thence through conduit I20 into the valve casing 9| which will force the valve member 92 to the left from the position shown in Fig. 7. As this valve member moves to the left, under this pressure the oil ahead of the valve will be forced outwardly through the conduit H9, passageway H8 and the valve member III and thence through the conduit I I1 and thence through the passageway H6 in the valve 85 into the conduit I22 and thence back to the reservoir through the conduit I01. After the valve member 92 has moved to the left, oil will be forced by the pump 80 through conduits 95 and I30 and thence shown in Fig. 7 to that shown in Fig. 8. When this is done, oil will be forced by the pump through the conduits 95, 96, passageway I05 and conduit I04 into the valve casing 89 to move the valve member 90 to the right from the position shown in Fig. 7. As the valve member 90 is moving to the right, oil will be forced out of the valve casing 89 and back to the reservoir 88, through conduit 98, passageway 91, conduit I06 and conduit I01. After the valve member 90 has moved to the right, the pump will force oil through the conduit 95, passageway 99, conduit IM and thence into the cylinder 40 which will move the piston II from the position shown in full lines to that shown in dotted lines. As the piston II is being moved to the dotted line position, it will force oil out of the cylinder 40 through the conduit I00, passageway I33 in the valve member 90 and conduit I03,-back to the reservoir 89. The parts now arein position to repeat the operation.

Oil will be forced back into the pressure tank I28 by the pump 00 through conduits 95 and past Having thus described our invention, what we claim is:

1. In a die casting machine the combination of a base, a stationary die supporting member rigidly secured to said base and extending upwardly therefrom, a support slidably mounted on said base, a plurality of rods rigidly secured at one end to said stationary die supporting member and extending through apertures in said support, inter-engaging means between said support and said rods for adjustably securing said support in fixed relation to said stationary die support, a movable die carrier slidably mounted on said rods between said stationary die supporting member and said support, a pair of guide rods rigidly secured at one end to said movable die carrier and slidably extending through apertures in said support, a crosshead slidably mounted on said rods between said support and saidmovable die carrier, a pair of toggle mechanisms each' comprising a pair of links pivotally connected to each other at one of their ends and having their other ends connected to said support and said movable die carrier respectively, links pivotally connected to said crosshead and to said toggle mechanisms, power means carried by said support and operatively connected to said crosshead for reciprocating said crosshead to open and close said toggle links and move said movable die carrier toward and away from said movable die support, and adjustable means carried by said crosshead for engaging said movable die carrier after a predetermined movement thereof in one direction.

2. In a die casting machine the combination of a base, a pair of relatively movable dies, means for forcing molten metal into said dies when in closed position, means for supporting and opening and closing said dies comprising a stationary die support rigidly secured to said base and extending upwardly therefrom, a support adjustably secured to said base in spaced relation to said stationary die support, a plurality of rods extending between said stationary die support and said support and secured thereto, a die carrier slidably supported on said rods, a pair of guide rods secured to said die carrier and slidably extending through apertures in said support, a crosshead slidably mounted on said guide rods, power means carried by said support and operatively connected to said crosshead for reciprocating said crosshead on said guide rods, toggle links connected to said support and to said die carrier, operative connections between said crosshead and said toggle links through which the toggle links are opened and closed by the reciprocation of said crosshead and adjustable means for limiting the movement of said crosshead in one direction.

3. In a die casting machine the combination of support and said adjustable support, a pair of guide rods rigidly secured to said movable die carrier and slidably extending through apertures in said adjustable support, a pair of complementary dies one secured to said stationary support and the other to the movable die carrier in operative relation to each other, means for forcing anism comprising a crosshead slidably mounted on said pair of guide rods, power means carried by said adjustable support; operative connections between said power means and said crosshead for reciprocating said crosshead, operative connections between said toggle mechanism and said crosshead, and adjustable means for limiting the movement of said crosshead in one direction.

4. In .a die casting machine the combination of a base, a stationary support rigidly secured to said base and extending upwardly therefrom, an adjustable support slidably secured to said base in spaced relation to said stationary support, a plurality of rods secured to and. extending between said stationary support and said adjustable support, a movable die carrier slidabiy mounted on said rods between said-stationary support and said adjustable support, a pair or guide rods rigidly secured to said movable die carrier and slidably extending through apertures in said -ad- Justable support, a pair of complementary dies one secured to said stationary support and the other to the movable die carrier in operative re-' lation to each other, means for forcing molten metal into said dies when in closed, position,

- means including a crosshead slidably mounted on said pair of guide rods for reciprocating said movable die carrier to open and close said dies, and adjustable means for limiting the movement of said crosshead in one direction.

ALBERT 'E. ABBo'rr. JOHN J. ROSE. 

